Redefining the Solar
Beyond Class A+ Accuracy

Standard Overview

SAN-EI Solar
New Standards

Unified technical framework that harmonizes AM1.5G and AM0 evaluation, extends spectral coverage, and introduces next-generation match classifications for high-performance solar simulators.

Defined AM0 1 SUN irradiance

AM0 1 SUN is defined as 1348 W/m² by integrating ASTM extraterrestrial spectra from 280–4000 nm, aligned with AM1.5G methodology.

Extended spectral coverage

Spectral match classification is extended to 300–2200 nm with refined Class A++ / S++ bands, building on IEC 60904-9:2020.

Harmonized calibration

AM1.5G-calibrated detectors are used to derive an AM0 / AM1.5G ratio of 1.20, enabling practical AM0 calibration without special radiometers.

Experimentally validated

The framework is validated on SAN-EI Dual Air Mass solar simulators with Class A++ / S++ performance and traceability to national metrology institutes.

SAN-EI Solar Standards 2025

Redefining Solar Simulator Performance

A unified AM0 and AM1.5G framework that extends IEC 60904-9, delivers Class A++ spectral match up to 2200 nm, and enables reliable evaluation of next-generation terrestrial and space PV devices.

AM0 Irradiance

1,348 W/m²

Defined over 280–4000 nm, harmonized with ASTM AM0 reference.

Spectral Match

±7.5 %

Beyond IEC Class A+, introducing A++ / S++ classifications.

Dual Air Mass

300–2200 nm

One framework for AM1.5G & AM0 in a single system.                 

Key Innovations

Unified AM0 Definition

AM0 1 SUN defined as 1348 W/m² (280–4000 nm), ensuring direct comparability between terrestrial and extraterrestrial measurements.

Detector-Friendly Calibration

Using AM1.5G-calibrated Si detectors (400–1100 nm), a 1.2× signal ratio corresponds to 1 SUN under AM0, simplifying daily calibration work.

Class A++ up to 2200 nm

Class A++ / S++ spectral match based on 8–10 bands from 300–2200 nm, exceeding IEC Class A+ requirements.

Advanced Air Mass Filters

Newly developed Air Mass Filters control output from 300–1800/2200 nm while reducing cumulative deviation and preserving system stability.

Dual Air Mass Simulators

The standards are implemented in SAN-EI Dual Air Mass simulators, enabling AM1.5G and AM0 evaluation in a single optical platform.

Measurement-Based Verification

Dual-array detectors (Si + InGaAs) traceable to national institutes confirm spectral match errors ≤ ±5% with high reproducibility.

Application

What This Means for Your Laboratory

Space & High-Altitude PV

A practical AM0 standard lets you qualify space-grade solar cells using the same detectors and methods you already rely on for AM1.5G, while maintaining traceability to ASTM reference spectra.

Next-Generation Multi-Junction Cells

Extended coverage to 2200 nm allows characterization of sub-cells with long-wavelength response, reducing uncertainty in efficiency measurements and modeling.

Accredited Test Laboratories

A unified AM1.5G/AM0 framework simplifies documentation, calibration procedures, and the number of systems required to cover terrestrial and space standards.

Equipment Procurement Teams

Investing in systems designed around SAN-EI AM Solar Standards 2025 means your laboratory is aligned with the likely direction of future IEC annexes and national standards.

Technical White Paper​

Technical Details & Reference Data

For engineers and standards specialists who need to dive deeper, the full white paper includes detailed definitions, measurement methods, spectral match tables, and reference spectra.

This section can be implemented as collapsible accordions or tabs, such as:

  • Formal definitions of AM0 and AM1.5G irradiance
  • Measurement principles and detector configurations
  • Spectral match bands, tables, and charts (300–2200 nm)
  • Comparison with IEC 60904-9:2020 and ASTM references
  • Experimental data, uncertainty budgets, and case studies
  • References and outlook for future standardization

Edition A

Edition B

Edition C

To be released